Last data update: May 06, 2024. (Total: 46732 publications since 2009)
Records 1-7 (of 7 Records) |
Query Trace: Balogun Z[original query] |
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Revelation of an important weakness in polio elimination efforts in Nigeria: a descriptive cross-sectional study of nomadic dynamics in Sokoto and Taraba States, May 2013
Aliyu N , Bawa MK , Gidado S , Ohuabunwo C , Esapa L , Archer WR , Sule A , Bolatito HA , Mamman A , Olayinka A , Balogun MS , Getso KI , Dalhat MM , Haladu AS , Shehu UL , Nguku PM , Shehu A , Abdulganiyu S , Waziri NE . Pan Afr Med J 12/28/2021 40 12 INTRODUCTION: Operational gaps in the Global Polio Eradication Initiative implementation had been partly responsible for inadequate population immunity and the continued transmission of wild poliovirus in Nigeria before the African Region was declared polio-free in 2020. Missed opportunities to provide services in nomadic populations due to frequent mobility, lack of inclusion in microplans and the remoteness of their settlements were the major challenges. During May 2013 we conducted immunization outreach to nomadic and other underserved communities in Rabah LGA, Sokoto state, and Ardo Kola LGA, Taraba state, in Nigeria to identify and vaccinate children missed during supplemental immunization activities while identifying missed acute flaccid paralysis cases. METHODS: An enumeration checklist and data collection instruments on Android cell phones were used to capture socio-demographic data and GPS coordinates on nomadic settlements, households, number of children aged <5 years, children previously missed for vaccination and their locations. Local guides led trained enumerators to underserved communities for the enumeration and vaccination. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2007. RESULTS: A total of 324 settlements were listed for the two states, and 111 (34.3%) of these were identified as missed when compared with micro-planning for the most recent SIA. In these settlements, 3,533 households and 9,385 children aged <5 years were listed. We administered oral poliovirus vaccine to all 1,946 missed children during the recent or any supplemental immunization activities. Of these, 527 (27.1%) had never been vaccinated. We found no missed acute flaccid paralysis cases. CONCLUSION: Nomadic populations continue to be underserved, especially for vaccination services. This results in pockets of populations with low herd immunity and increased risk for poliovirus transmission. Community leaders and nomadic settlements should be included in the micro-planning of all supplemental immunization activities to ensure all children receive vaccination services. |
Capacity building at points of entry during COVID-19 pandemic: harmonising training curriculum for Economic Community of West African States
Usman AB , Lokossou VK , Sawadogo K , Ward S , Umeokonkwo CD , Sawadogo B , Hanlon C , Kayita G , Balogun MS , Antara S , Merrill R , Nguku PM , Issiaka S , Jc Aïssi MA . BMJ Glob Health 2023 8 (1) This paper describes the process for developing, validating and disseminating through a train-the-trainer (TOT) event a standardised curriculum for public health capacity building for points of entry (POE) staff across the 15-member state Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) that reflects both international standards and national guidelines.A five-phase process was used in developing the curriculum: phase (1) assessment of existing materials developed by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Africa CDC and the West African Economic and Monetary Union, (2) design of retained and new, harmonised content, (3) validation by the national leadership to produce final content, (4) implementation of the harmonised curriculum during a regional TOT, and (5) evaluation of the curriculum.Of the nine modules assessed in English and French, the technical team agreed to retain six harmonised modules providing materials for 10 days of intensive training. Following the TOT, most participants (n=28/30, 93.3%) indicated that the International Health Regulations and emergency management modules were relevant to their work and 96.7% (n=29/30) reported that the training should be cascaded to POE staff in their countries.The ECOWAS harmonised POE curriculum provides a set of training materials and expectations for national port health and POE staff to use across the region. This initiative contributes to reducing the effort required by countries to identify emergency preparedness and response capacity-building tools for border health systems in the Member States in a highly connected region. |
Acute hepatitis A in international travelers: A GeoSentinel analysis, 2008-2020
Balogun O , Brown A , Angelo DoKm , Hochberg NS , Barnett ED , Nicolini LA , Asgeirsson H , Grobusch MP , Leder K , Salvador F , Chen L , Odolini S , Daz-Menndez M , Gobbi F , Connor BA , Libman M , Hamer DH . J Travel Med 2022 29 (2) BACKGROUND: Non-immune international travelers are at risk of acquiring hepatitis A. Although hepatitis A vaccination is recommended for unvaccinated travelers to high or intermediate hepatitis A virus endemicity, compliance with this recommendation is not universal. OBJECTIVE: To describe the demographic and travel characteristics of international travelers infected with hepatitis A during travel. METHODS: Available data on travelers with confirmed (positive molecular test) or probable (symptomatic individuals with a single positive IgM test) hepatitis A diagnosed during and after travel from January 2008 to December 2020 were obtained from the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network database. We analyzed demographic and travel characteristics of infected travelers. RESULTS: Among 254 travelers with hepatitis A (185 confirmed and 69 probable), the median age was 28years (interquartile range: 19-40), 150 (59%) were male, and among 54 travelers with information available, 53 (98%) were unvaccinated. The most common reasons for travel included tourism (n=120; 47%) and visiting friends or relatives (VFR) (n=72; 28%). About two-thirds of VFR travelers with hepatitis A (n=50; 69%) were younger than 20years old. Hepatitis A was acquired most frequently in South-Central Asia (n=63; 25%) and sub-Saharan Africa (n=61; 24%), but 16 travelers (6%) acquired hepatitis A in regions with low endemicity including Western Europe (n=7; 3%), the Caribbean (n=6; 2%), and North America (n=3; 1%). Median duration from illness onset to GeoSentinel site presentation was approximately 7days (IQR: 4-14days). Among 88 travelers with information available, 59% were hospitalized. CONCLUSION: Despite availability of highly effective vaccines, travelers still acquire hepatitis A, even when traveling to low-endemicity destinations. Providing pre-departure hepatitis A vaccine to susceptible travelers is crucial to reducing travel-associated hepatitis A and should be offered to all travelers as part of the pre-travel consultation, regardless of destination. |
Nigeria's public health response to the COVID-19 pandemic: January to May 2020.
Dan-Nwafor C , Ochu CL , Elimian K , Oladejo J , Ilori E , Umeokonkwo C , Steinhardt L , Igumbor E , Wagai J , Okwor T , Aderinola O , Mba N , Hassan A , Dalhat M , Jinadu K , Badaru S , Arinze C , Jafiya A , Disu Y , Saleh F , Abubakar A , Obiekea C , Yinka-Ogunleye A , Naidoo D , Namara G , Muhammad S , Ipadeola O , Ofoegbunam C , Ogunbode O , Akatobi C , Alagi M , Yashe R , Crawford E , Okunromade O , Aniaku E , Mba S , Agogo E , Olugbile M , Eneh C , Ahumibe A , Nwachukwu W , Ibekwe P , Adejoro OO , Ukponu W , Olayinka A , Okudo I , Aruna O , Yusuf F , Alex-Okoh M , Fawole T , Alaka A , Muntari H , Yennan S , Atteh R , Balogun M , Waziri N , Ogunniyi A , Ebhodaghe B , Lokossou V , Abudulaziz M , Adebiyi B , Abayomi A , Abudus-Salam I , Omilabu S , Lawal L , Kawu M , Muhammad B , Tsanyawa A , Soyinka F , Coker T , Alabi O , Joannis T , Dalhatu I , Swaminathan M , Salako B , Abubakar I , Fiona B , Nguku P , Aliyu SH , Ihekweazu C . J Glob Health 2020 10 (2) 020399 The novel coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19, which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) [1] was first reported in December 2019 by Chinese Health Authorities following an outbreak of pneumonia of unknown origin in Wuhan, Hubei Province [2,3]. SARS-CoV-2 is likely of zoonotic origin, similar to SARS and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and transmitted between humans through respiratory droplets and fomites. Since its emergence, it has rapidly spread globally [4]. |
The Nigerian health information system policy review of 2014 - the need, content, expectations and progress
Meribole EC , Makinde OA , Oyemakinde A , Oyediran KA , Atobatele A , Fadeyibi FA , Azeez A , Ogbokor D , Adebayo O , Adebayo W , Abatta E , Adoghe A , Adebayo SB , Mahmoud Z , Ashefor G , Adebayo SB , Yisa IO , Balogun A , Chukwujekwu O , Dalhatu I , Jahun I , Bamidele S , Johnson DO , Ibrahim M , Akpan F , Aiyenigba B , Omaha OI , Terpase A , Ottih C , Adelakin O , Mullen S , Orobaton N . Health Info Libr J 2018 35 (4) 285-297 BACKGROUND: Nigeria's national health information system (HIS) data sources are grouped into institutional and population based data that traverse many government institutions. Communication and collaboration between these institutions are limited, fraught with fragmentation and challenges national HIS functionality. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this paper was to share insights from and the implications of a recent review of Nigeria's HIS policy in 2014 that resulted in its substantial revision. We also highlight some subsequent enactments. REVIEW PROCESS AND OUTCOMES: In 2013, Nigeria's Federal Ministry of Health launched an inter-ministerial and multi-departmental review of the National Health Management Information System policy of 2006. The review was guided by World Health Organization's 'Framework and Standards for Country Health Information Systems'. The key finding was a lack of governance mechanisms in the execution of the policy, including an absent data management governance process. The review also found a multiplicity of duplicative, parallel reporting tools and platforms. CONCLUSION: Recommendations for HIS Policy revisions were proposed to and implemented by the Federal Government of Nigeria. The revised HIS policy now provides for a strong framework for the leadership and governance of the HIS with early results. |
Reduced evolutionary rate in reemerged Ebola virus transmission chains.
Blackley DJ , Wiley MR , Ladner JT , Fallah M , Lo T , Gilbert ML , Gregory C , D'Ambrozio J , Coulter S , Mate S , Balogun Z , Kugelman J , Nwachukwu W , Prieto K , Yeiah A , Amegashie F , Kearney B , Wisniewski M , Saindon J , Schroth G , Fakoli L , Diclaro JW 2nd , Kuhn JH , Hensley LE , Jahrling PB , Stroher U , Nichol ST , Massaquoi M , Kateh F , Clement P , Gasasira A , Bolay F , Monroe SS , Rambaut A , Sanchez-Lockhart M , Scott Laney A , Nyenswah T , Christie A , Palacios G . Sci Adv 2016 2 (4) e1600378 On 29 June 2015, Liberia's respite from Ebola virus disease (EVD) was interrupted for the second time by a renewed outbreak ("flare-up") of seven confirmed cases. We demonstrate that, similar to the March 2015 flare-up associated with sexual transmission, this new flare-up was a reemergence of a Liberian transmission chain originating from a persistently infected source rather than a reintroduction from a reservoir or a neighboring country with active transmission. Although distinct, Ebola virus (EBOV) genomes from both flare-ups exhibit significantly low genetic divergence, indicating a reduced rate of EBOV evolution during persistent infection. Using this rate of change as a signature, we identified two additional EVD clusters that possibly arose from persistently infected sources. These findings highlight the risk of EVD flare-ups even after an outbreak is declared over. |
Preplanned national measles vaccination campaign at the beginning of a measles outbreak--Sierra Leone, 2009-2010
Sugerman DE , Fall A , Guigui MT , N'Dolie M , Balogun T , Wurie A , Goodson JL . J Infect Dis 2011 204 Suppl 1 S260-9 BACKGROUND: Large-scale measles outbreaks occurred throughout Africa from 2008-2010. In Sierra Leone, in November 2009, preceding a measles supplemental immunization activity (SIA), the largest measles outbreak in a decade started. METHODS: We analyzed data from the national measles case-based surveillance system, developed a susceptibility profile of the population, and calculated vaccine effectiveness (VE) among children 12-59 months of age. RESULTS: From November 1, 2009 to July 13, 2010, 1,094 confirmed cases, including 9 deaths, were reported; 716 (66%) were <5 years of age. B3 genotype was identified. Measles attack rates per 100,000 population were highest among infants aged 6-8 months (56.4) and in Bo district (49.4). Districts with higher estimated SIA coverage tended to have lower attack rates (Spearman Correlation Coefficient=-0.63), p=0.07. Among 473 cases with information on vaccination status, 222 (47%) were unvaccinated; estimated VE was 74%. The 2009 measles SIA led to 165,000 fewer estimated susceptible individuals. CONCLUSIONS: The 2009 measles SIA reduced the overall magnitude of the outbreak, though routine and SIA coverage was insufficient to prevent it entirely. Maintaining high coverage through routine services and SIAs in all districts and conducting follow-up SIAs prior to the end of the low transmission season may prevent future outbreaks. |
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